Some old deadtree stories I'm reading refer to three types of communications - telephone, telegraph and cables. If a cable is a separate type from a telegram, I had not realized it until now. What is a cable and how does it differ from a telegram?
Some old deadtree stories I'm reading refer to three types of communications - telephone, telegraph and cables. If a cable is a separate type from a telegram, I had not realized it until now. What is a cable and how does it differ from a telegram?
My understanding is that in this context, cable is a subset of telegram. Specifically a cable is a telegram transmitted internationally across the Trans-Atlantic cable between North America and Europe.
https://comparewords.com/cablegram/telegram
There were also radiograms sent by radiotelegraphy. AFAIK this was morse code messages sent by radio from station to station, translated and transcribed to paper and then delivered like a normal telegram.
Those were not considered very reliable as conditions in the ionosphere dictated if they went through or not.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/marconi-sends-first-atlantic-wireless-transmission
A lot has changed since the 1920s. I suspect the tech behind Over The Horizon Radar signal processing is just as relevant to short wave radio transmissioms and would allow fairly reliable world wide comms in the event the constellations and cables fail.
Of course, if that happens most of us would be fallout anyway.
I'm in no way an informed observer on the matter though, so take me statement as speculation only.
Of course, if that happens most of us would be fallout anyway.
That is probably an accurate summation.
A lot has changed since the 1920s. I suspect the tech behind Over The Horizon Radar signal processing is just as relevant to short wave radio transmissioms and would allow fairly reliable world wide comms in the event the constellations and cables fail.
Sorry to state this: the physical properties of radio waves have not changed. Radio propagation. This part of the Wikipedia article isn't too technical.
HM.
Sorry to state this: the physical properties of radio waves have not changed.
That part is true enough, but how those signals/waves are processed has changed dramatically.
waves
"wave
Dictionary
ΛwΔv
waved; waving
Definition of wave (Entry 1 of 3)
intransitive verb
1: to motion with the hands or with something held in them in signal or salute
2: to float, play, or shake in an air current : move loosely to and fro : FLUTTER
flags waving in the breeze
3of water : to move in waves : HEAVE
4: to become moved or brandished to and fro
signs waved in the crowd
5: to move before the wind with a wavelike motion
field of waving grain
6: to follow a curving line or take a wavy form : UNDULATE
transitive verb
1: to swing (something) back and forth or up and down
2: to impart a curving or undulating shape to
waved her hair
3a: to motion to (someone) to go in an indicated direction or to stop : SIGNAL
waved down a passing car
b: to gesture with (the hand or an object) in greeting or farewell or in homage
c: to dismiss or put out of mind : DISREGARD βusually used with aside or off
d: to convey by waving
waved farewell
4: BRANDISH, FLOURISH
waved a pistol menacingly
wave noun (1)
Definition of wave (Entry 2 of 3)
1a: a moving ridge or swell on the surface of a liquid (as of the sea)
bchiefly literary : WATER, SEA
β¦ this our island in the wave β¦
β Charles Dickens
The buccaneer on the wave might relinquish his calling and become β¦ a man of probity and piety on land β¦
β Nathaniel Hawthorne
The sea was open to them, and they achieved their victories on the briny wave.
β The Book of Commerce by Sea and Land
2a: a shape or outline having successive curves
b: a waviness of the hair
c: an undulating line or streak or a pattern formed by such lines
3: something that swells and dies away: such as
a: a surge of sensation or emotion
a wave of anger swept over her
b: a movement sweeping large numbers in a common direction
waves of protest
c: a peak or climax of activity
a wave of buying
4: a sweep of hand or arm or of some object held in the hand used as a signal or greeting
5: a rolling or undulatory movement or one of a series of such movements passing along a surface or through the air
6: a movement like that of an ocean wave: such as
a: a surging movement of a group
a big new wave of women politicians
b: one of a succession of influxes of people migrating into a region
c(1): a moving group of animals of one kind
(2): a sudden rapid increase in a population
d: a line of attacking or advancing troops or airplanes
e: a display of people in a large crowd (as at a sports event) successively rising, lifting their arms overhead, and quickly sitting so as to form a swell moving through the crowd
7a: a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point in a medium and that may take the form of an elastic deformation or of a variation of pressure, electric or magnetic intensity, electric potential, or temperature
b: one complete cycle of such a disturbance
8: a marked change in temperature : a period of hot or cold weather
9: an undulating or jagged line constituting a graphic representation of an action
Wave noun (2)
ΛwΔv
Definition of Wave (Entry 3 of 3)
: a member of the women's component of the U.S. Navy formed during World War II and discontinued in the 1970s
Other Words from wave
Synonyms for wave
Synonyms: Verb
beckon, flag, gesture, motion, signal
Synonyms: Noun (1)
billow, surge, swellVisit the Thesaurus for More
Choose the Right Synonym for wave
Verb
SWING, WAVE, FLOURISH, BRANDISH, THRASH mean to wield or cause to move to and fro or up and down. SWING implies regular or uniform movement. swing the rope back and forth WAVE usually implies smooth or continuous motion. waving the flag FLOURISH suggests vigorous, ostentatious, graceful movement. flourished the winning lottery ticket BRANDISH implies threatening or menacing motion. brandishing a knife THRASH suggests vigorous, abrupt, violent movement. an infant thrashing his arms about
Examples of wave in a Sentence
Verb
We waved to our friends through the window.
She was waving in the direction of the bridge.
See More
Recent Examples on the Web: Verb
For just the second year, the North Aurora Fire Department offered a drive-by event through neighborhoods giving kids and their parents the chance to come out of their homes and wave to Santa as the fire engine rolled by.
β David Sharos, chicagotribune.com, 18 Dec. 2021
Over the past year some mall Santas have been forced to wave at children from behind plexiglass.
β Faith Karimi, CNN, 2 Dec. 2021
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'wave.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
See More
First Known Use of wave
Verb
14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2
Noun (1)
1526, in the meaning defined at sense 1a
Noun (2)
1942, in the meaning defined above
History and Etymology for wave
Verb
Middle English, from Old English wafian to wave with the hands; akin to Old English wæfan to clothe and perhaps to Old English wefan to weave
Noun (2)
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service"
How women accepted for volunteer emergency service are processed has changed dramatically.
I always wondered why I've seen you called a "grinning Dick" at times here. Now it becomes clear.
The Australian's have unoffically claimed that their JORN network has detected F117s over Baghdad and B2 over Nellis. That last one involves bouncing a signal over the Indian ocean, Africa, Atlantic, much of North America, striking a flying stealth coated and shaped aircraft, bouncing back 3/4 of the way around the world & resolving the feedback to identify the aircraft.
If true, then I posit that the software / hardware capable of doing that would also be capable of resolving radio comms in difficult conditions.
The JORN arrays are miles long and seperated by more than a thousand miles, so such set ups would be as vunerable as satellites and cables in the event of a real war as opposed to wars to control the supply of bananas, drugs or oil.
I'm curious about the possibilities, not the practicality.
It doesn't matter what form of detection it is, there has to be some form of energy returned from the object of interest in order to detect it.
The choices are absorption or redirection or a combination thereof for stealth aircraft. They can claim whatever they want, but I'd call bullshit on that particular claim. The two aircraft you mentioned use a combination. The likelihood of there being sufficient return energy is miniscule.
Further, the detection ability is hostage to requiring the detected object to be larger than half the wavelength of the impingement energy. Therein is another knife in the heart of that claim.
Further insult to that claim is simple wave mechanics. The wavelengths required to pick up those aircraft, especially the 117 would require a wavelength considerably shorter than the current Jindalee Over-The-Horizon Radar is capable of.
Even the phase six of that project, which is said to be introducing digital waveforms. Which I believe to be a warm fuzzy load of shit to coax the Australian defense budget purse holders into releasing the funds.
No matter what it is, that's a lot of air it is required to penetrate. That volume alone is a problem. The higher the frequency the less penetrating the waveform will be. Thems the physics, and all the wishful thinking in the world cannot get around that.
warm fuzzy load of shit to coax the Australian defense budget purse holders into releasing the funds.
Its such a successful method, one that gets used over and over again, like Lucy with the football.
I did suspect that the truth wasn't as good as the hype when they didn't find Malaysian Airlines Flight 370, which probably flew across the claimed detection space.
Most tracking of aircraft is performed from space these days.
Even so, the Boeing 777-200ER was large enough to be tracked by JORN.
I found the idea that no one knew where it went down ludicrous. Boeing (plane itself), Royles-Royce (engine manufacturer), and Honeywell (avionics), all have OEM tracking in their controls. All of which are pinging their respective companies performance data to satellites. Not to mention the plane owner themselves.
What the 'officials' would have us believe is that every one of those data pings mysteriously dissappeared at the same time, and that they had no idea where that happened.
I've no idea what actually happened, but there is no way that the official story is true. 'They' at a minimum know where it went, and very likely what actually happened.
all have OEM tracking in their controls
true, but the software has controls to allow the tracking to be turned off. I suspect it simply cuts the signal to the transmitters. Some experts did change the search location based on the satellite signals for the telemetry systems, but the best tracking methods they have still provides a number of square miles of ocean to be searched, and then a lot depends on the depth of the water and how it hit the water when it went in. Of course, that's assuming it didn't land somewhere and hidden.
Unless they hopped out of the craft midair, there is no way the engine transponders were turned off. Not to mention the liability that would expose them to. Whatever the case, the 'official' story is bullshit.
from what I've seen the sensor information for the engines etc all feeds back through a centralised computer unit which then goes to a transmitter and either of those units can be turned on or off.
I have done contract work for all three engine manufacturers for that particular craft. The engineers from those companies have told me the devices are embedded into the engines themselves. That would require direct access to the engine to turn it on or off. That is an industry standard ass covering procedure.
The engineers from those companies have told me the devices are embedded into the engines themselves.
What is embedded in the engines themselves though, a device to generate telemetry data or the transmitters themselves.
If you took the engine out of the plane, mounted it in a rack and fired it up, would they get the telemetry data from that?
If you took the engine out of the plane, mounted it in a rack and fired it up, would they get the telemetry data from that?
Yes they would, and that is one of the primary reasons why it's designed that way. It will also report if it's been turned off for any reason while on a rack. The goal is to cover their ass if a service center, or airline wants to use them as a scapegoat.
Most of the avionics manufacturers embed into the entire process such that the system simply will not operate if it's been disabled for the same reason.
Something of interest to read.
https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/12528/jet-engines-are-they-owned-by-the-airline-or-just-rented#12530
From the linked totalcare PDF
To do this, Rolls-Royce has had to create some additional data handling capability. The potential impact of removing unscheduled events was seen recently during a flight from Singapore to New York when the flight was struck by lightning. Rolls-in Derby was able to assess the condition of the planes engines and advise the pilot that it was safe to continue the flight, saving the airline between $1m and $2m in disruption costs, and highlighting the potential value of this enhancement for similar events.
The engineers from those companies have told me the devices are embedded into the engines themselves. That would require direct access to the engine to turn it on or off.
There is a lot of information on how Rolls Royce and other engine manufacturers are embedding sensors into the aircraft engines and how the data is used in monitoring the engines, but there is nothing I can find mentions them embedding a transmitter in each engine. What is most likely is Rolls Royce uses the same type of system racing cars have been using for decades where there are sensors in the engine which are then plugged into a controller that monitors the sensors and uses an attached transmitter to send the data back to the pit crew.
Another aspect of all this is there is nothing I can find that says Rolls Royce incorporates a GPS unit into each engine, and it would not make sense for them to do so. In fact, from some of the reports on the analysis of the engine data information it seems the technicians had to calculate the position of the aircraft based on the different signal strengths received by the various satellites. It's reported a large part of the delay in using that set up was in working out how to organize that with a reasonable level of accuracy.
There are also on-line documents about how Rolls Royce collects and monitors the data which includes air traffic control information. That alone suggest additional information being fed into the transmitter, thus coming back to a central monitor and transmitter separate to the engines. There's also an on-line report on how Rolls Royce are having the intelligent sensor package comparing the operations of the engines on the same aircraft. That again points to a central monitor package.
While you would need to access the engines to turn off the sensors, I very much doubt that also applies to the monitoring and transmitting equipment.
BTW: In light of the controversy of this aircraft incident I would not be surprised if since then Rolls Royce have upgraded their monitoring and transmitting equipment to include a regular GPS location taken from the aircraft's GPS system.
I would not be surprised if since then Rolls Royce have upgraded their monitoring and transmitting equipment to include a regular GPS location taken from the aircraft's GPS system.
My information is post incident, so that is entirely possible.
there is nothing I can find mentions them embedding a transmitter in each engine.
There are a lot of things they keep silent on. That they went public regarding the data pings at all, really surprised me after the shoot down over Ukraine.
the 'official' story is bullshit.
the only official story I've seen made public is the one that came out early in the saga and was based on the data from air traffic controllers' radar records prior to it dropping off of the radar sets. The telemetry information was not available to anyone outside of the technical people involved and their existence was not made public for a long time after that. When it was used they moved the search area.
the only official story I've seen made public is the one that came out early in the saga and was based on the data from air traffic controllers' radar records prior to it dropping off of the radar sets.
That would be the one.
The telemetry information was not available to anyone outside of the technical people involved and their existence was not made public for a long time after that. When it was used they moved the search area.
It took a whistle blower within the Australian government to make that known. By the that time, the power to the Blackbox (actually orange) had ran out.
The way that went down reads like some political ass covering operation which leaves me wondering why the need for it.
Yep. The Australian PM went on TV, effectively saying they know where it went down and are going to recover it, then spent 18 months and hundreds of millions finding zip. Very strange.
BTW, the forum software thinks you are PotomacBob when I'm replying to your posts.