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Chapters

Switch Blayde 🚫

The other thread has to do with chapter length and how people dislike it when posted serially. But ignoring that, what should an author consider when breaking a story into chapters?

From Publisher's Weekly: There are no rules when it comes to chapter length. The important thing is to concentrate on making your chapters fit your story, not on making your story fit your chapters. Many novelists these days prefer chapters that are between 1,500 wordsβ€”or six book pagesβ€” and 8,000 words, or 32 book pages.

From CMOS Shop Talk: Short chapters are good for plot-centered novels with fast pacing and suspense. They are also used in novels with longer chapters to interject action that takes place away from the main plot, perhaps to let readers in on something the main character doesn't know.

From Dabblewriter: On average, chapters tend to range from 1,000-5,000 words, with most falling in the 2,000-4,000 range. But chapters can be much longer or much shorter. There are plenty of bestselling books where some chapters are only a page and some where they don't even use chapters in the traditional sense.

From Jehricho Writers: Chapter lengths don't really matter too much. No manuscript has ever been rejected by an agent or neglected by a reader just because a chapter was too short or too long. That said, chapter breaks are one of the key rhythmical features of a novel. Your story's most obvious beats.

awnlee jawking 🚫

@Switch Blayde

I wonder whether CMOS Shop Talk and Jericho Writers ever talk to each other ;-)

AJ

Quasirandom 🚫
Updated:

@Switch Blayde

One thing I keep coming back to about chapters: most Discworld novels have no chapter (ETA) breaks. They work regardless.

(John M. Ford's Growing Up Weightless doesn't even have scene breaks, and it's still a brilliant read.)

Dominions Son 🚫

@Quasirandom

One thing I keep coming back to about chapters: most Discworld novels have no chapters.

Would that really be no chapters, or would it be one chapter?

Replies:   Quasirandom
Quasirandom 🚫

@Dominions Son

Okay, fine, I should have typed "no chapter breaks." Edited to fix to avoid further nitpicking derailments.

AmigaClone 🚫

@Quasirandom

One thing I keep coming back to about chapters: most Discworld novels have no chapters.

@Quasirandom

Would that really be no chapters, or would it be one chapter?

SOL would count those stories as a single chapter.

Replies:   Keet  Dicrostonyx
Keet 🚫

@AmigaClone

SOL would count those stories as a single chapter.

Only if posted in a single upload. Otherwise, if I'm not mistaking, each post is artificially created as a 'chapter'.

Dicrostonyx 🚫

@AmigaClone

Not really. Discworld novels do have text breaks (an empty line between paragraphs) but no chapter demarcations. So you could say that there are chapters without calling them chapters, and they are filling a similar role, but the internal structure isn't the same as when chapters are used.

It's sort of like the effect that happens when you take a story that was originally written as a serial and remove the fluff text at the beginning and end of each section. What you get appears to be a continuous story, but isn't exactly structure as you would expect from a novel.

Switch Blayde 🚫

@Switch Blayde

Here's another point of view on chapters. The question was asked about chapter length, but the person answering said scenes are the building blocks of stories. Chapters are simply arbitrary breaks. But I liked this part on chapters (and note her use of the word "cliffhanger" is not the literal car hanging over the cliff).

I prefer to end a chapter on a cliffhanger, which can be either a setback or a decision. Either way, it keeps the reader hungry, and a hungry reader is a reader who wants to read one more chapter, even if it's 3 AM.

Maddie, you suggested that you can try to fill out a chapter by adding more description to your scenes. That will certainly make your chapters longer, but it doesn't add more story, and readers are reading for story, not for description.

So if you've got a short chapter, either add in another scene, or just live with the short chapter. It's not a crime to have a short chapter. James Patterson writes nothing but short chapters, and he seems to be selling okay.

And another interesting comment about combining scenes into chapters:

So how do I assign scenes to chapters? I just glop together enough scenes to get a total close to 2500 words, and I call that a chapter. If I go under by 1000 words, that's OK. Some chapters are short. If I go over by 500 words, that's OK too.

I prefer to go under, rather than over, because the end of the chapter is a milestone for my reader, and I want my readers to feel like they're burning through the chapters.

Quasirandom 🚫

@Switch Blayde

I will say straight out, I don't think I'm very good at managing my chapters. That said, I try to end them with a moment that A) resolves something but B) points up something that is unresolved. My usual failure mode is to end too strongly A without enough B, so not pulling the reader forward enough.

One thing I've been working on lately is trying to tie off chapters at roughly the same size (+/- 25%) in a given story. This is easier to do than I expected. I'm finding, though, that different stories want very different sizes β€” one WIP, they're 10k words, while another are 2k.

Switch Blayde 🚫

@Quasirandom

I try to end them with a moment that A) resolves something but B) points up something that is unresolved.

That's good writing. Congrats.

awnlee jawking 🚫

@Quasirandom

B) points up something that is unresolved.

Shouldn't a novel contain an overriding story arc that doesn't get resolved until the final chapters? (Except Literary Fiction where nothing ever happens, and Game of Thrones where story arcs get mothballed to be continued several novels later).

As such, B should normally come 'free'.

AJ

Quasirandom 🚫

@awnlee jawking

Like I said, I don't think I handle chaptering very well.

Switch Blayde 🚫

@awnlee jawking

Shouldn't a novel contain an overriding story arc that doesn't get resolved until the final chapters?

Yes, that is the main plot conflict. But throughout the story, minor conflicts are encountered and resolved.

helmut_meukel 🚫

@awnlee jawking

Shouldn't a novel contain an overriding story arc that doesn't get resolved until the final chapters? (Except Literary Fiction where nothing ever happens, and Game of Thrones where story arcs get mothballed to be continued several novels later).

And then there are ongoing serials where the author β€” and his readers β€” have simply forgotten about this story arc.
It may even got resolved some hundred chapters back and no-one cared.

HM.

Replies:   rustyken
rustyken 🚫

@helmut_meukel

Isn't that when the characters take over and direct the story?

awnlee jawking 🚫

@Switch Blayde

I prefer to end a chapter on a cliffhanger

Most feedback I've received on the subject seems to be that my readers get tired of chapters constantly ending with cliffhangers. Particularly with serially published stories, it's emotionally tiring.

I'm not sure how representative that is of my readers or SOL readers in general. It seems strange to insert a break point, where the reader should be able to stop and resume later, then try to manipulate the reader into not wanting to stop.

AJ

Replies:   Switch Blayde
Switch Blayde 🚫

@awnlee jawking

Particularly with serially published stories

Actually, only serially published stories. Not a problem when the whole story is there because all you have to do is start the next chapter. Also, "cliffhanger" is used loosely in the articles I read. It can simply be an unanswered question to keep the reader reading.

If you watch TV shows, the season ending one always has several cliffhangers. That is annoying. But that's the nature of a serial and I guess where cliffhangers came from.

Replies:   Dominions Son
Dominions Son 🚫
Updated:

@Switch Blayde

Actually, only serially published stories. Not a problem when the whole story is there because all you have to do is start the next chapter. Also, "cliffhanger" is used loosely in the articles I read. It can simply be an unanswered question to keep the reader reading.

Some people like to think of chapter breaks as a convenient place to stop reading/take a break from reading. That doesn't work as well when every chapter ends on a cliffhanger (no matter how loosely you define it).

I can suffer from what I call literary insomnia. I start reading a book around bed time and I literally can't put it down even when I'm at the point of nodding off for a few seconds in the middle of a page.

Having every chapter end tugging at me to turn the page and keep reading only makes it worse.

Replies:   Switch Blayde
Switch Blayde 🚫

@Dominions Son

Having every chapter end tugging at me to turn the page and keep reading only makes it worse.

Not for the author. That's their goal.

But sometimes I start the next chapter to see what happens (with the cliffhanger) and then go to bed, starting the chapter again the next time.

Replies:   Dominions Son
Dominions Son 🚫

@Switch Blayde

Not for the author. That's their goal.

And if readers start avoiding authors that overdo it?

Replies:   Switch Blayde
Switch Blayde 🚫
Updated:

@Dominions Son

And if readers start avoiding authors that overdo it?

I don't think that will happen. More likely the authors who don't keep the reader turning the pages will lose them. But I'm speaking as a fan of thrillers.

As an author, I write for the readers who like the way I write. I don't try to write the way I think readers would like. My stories aren't for everyone. But what author's stories are for everyone? You have to write the way you want to write and attract readers who enjoy it.

Saying that, OVERDOING anything is bad. Over telling is bad. Over showing is bad. All short, fast-paced chapters is bad (draining on the reader). All long, slow chapters is bad (boring). Overuse of cliffhangers is also bad.

Paladin_HGWT 🚫

@Switch Blayde

You suggested that you can try to fill out a chapter by adding more description to your scenes. That will certainly make your chapters longer, but it doesn't add more story, and readers are reading for story, not for description.

Describing scenes can be important for "Fantasy" and Sci-Fi stories, or other settings which many readers may not be familiar with.

For example: Jody Daniels sets most of his stories in South Africa. I believe his stories provide a wonderful example of Describing scenes, sometimes providing necessary information, other times setting a tone for the stories; without "bogging down" the story.

I enjoy his descriptions of Africa at sunset, or at night, friends at a BBQ, or a small diner overlooking an overcast harbor. Of course, an aspect of Louis L'Amour novels I enjoy is the often significant details of the scenery. Many locations on my "Bucket List" are locations he described in his stories.

Some writers do this well, others do not; others are extremely bad at description (too little can be worse than too much) [and vice versa].

I try to use description of scenes to "Show" rather than "telling": Veteran and clever characters I describe many scenes in more detail, depicting their situational awareness. Foolish characters often are not Observant, and thus get "surprised" (and so does the readers; I hope they recognize I am using a deliberate technique).

Replies:   Switch Blayde
Switch Blayde 🚫

@Paladin_HGWT

Describing scenes can be important for "Fantasy" and Sci-Fi stories, or other settings which many readers may not be familiar with.

I think by "adding more description" she meant more than what was necessary. So let's say you wrote a great chapter with description. But you thought it was too short. You could go back and add extra description which would make it longer but not better.

Replies:   Paladin_HGWT
Paladin_HGWT 🚫

@Switch Blayde

I think by "adding more description" she meant more than what was necessary.

You probably have the correct interpretation.

However, in my opinion, too many stories lack sufficient description. Many writing guides recommend brevity, and "action" (trying to appeal to younger people with short attention spans). I don't think many people with short attention spans read much. Porn stories might get some such people. But most of those stories don't bother with writing techniques. (There are a very few well written short porn stories.)

Since people seeking to improve their writing are among those who read our forums, I think my perspective has merit. Some writers will do as they see fit. Many, however, may be swayed by what seems to be a "consensus"

Switch Blayde 🚫

@Switch Blayde

This is pretty good advice from "Writer's Digest." I would have thought they were talking about thrillers, but I guess it's true for all genres.

The most important thing is that at the end of each chapter the reader should be craving the next chapter. Make the reader want to turn the next page. An old-fashioned cliffhanger is not required (though they still work), but tension of some kind is essential. End not where the action lulls but where it is the most dynamic. Give the reader new information right before you cut him off.

KimLittle 🚫

@Switch Blayde

My own experience here, and referenced in my thread earlier in the year and the other 'chapter length' thread currently running is that chapter length is up to the author, and you could post a 10 word chapter and nobody would say anything.

Unless you were posting chapters weekly. Then I reckon you could post a 50, 500, 5000, or 50 000 word chapter and some reader would still crack the shits because they don't want to wait another week and think it was too short.

Replies:   ystokes
ystokes 🚫

@KimLittle

and you could post a 10 word chapter and nobody would say anything.

The only reason nobody would say anything is after 3 chapters of 10 words nobody would be reading it.

Replies:   awnlee jawking
awnlee jawking 🚫

@ystokes

There are competitions for writing 10 word stories, so 10 word chapters should be a doddle by comparison.

AJ

Pixy 🚫

@Switch Blayde

The popular sci-fi writer of DTP novels, Neil Asher, has some interesting chapter lengths. Some chapter lengths in some of his novels are not even a full page.

Another quirk in some of his novels, was (is?) to start a chapter with a small story unrelated to the chapter, but when collated and read, were are a story within themselves. So, a story within a story, as it were.

Quasirandom 🚫

@Switch Blayde

Speaking of books without chapter breaks, Bebop3's most recent tale is novel-length, no chapter breaks, and doesn't need them.

"There's nine and sixty ways of composing tribal lays, / And every blooming one of them is right," indeed.

Replies:   awnlee jawking
awnlee jawking 🚫

@Quasirandom

Bebop3's most recent tale is novel-length, no chapter breaks, and doesn't need them.

Apparently it also doesn't need much of a story description.

AJ

Replies:   Quasirandom
Quasirandom 🚫

@awnlee jawking

Yeah, he's one of the sparce on cover copy guys….

It's good, though.

Replies:   awnlee jawking
awnlee jawking 🚫

@Quasirandom

It's good, though.

I don't like the style of writing. You have to read everything twice to solve the clues as to who is doing or saying what to whom and what their relevance is. And the lack of scene breaks and chapters is exhausting - it's like being hit by a tsunami.

I have no inclination to try to finish the story.

AJ

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