The other thread has to do with chapter length and how people dislike it when posted serially. But ignoring that, what should an author consider when breaking a story into chapters?
From Publisher's Weekly: There are no rules when it comes to chapter length. The important thing is to concentrate on making your chapters fit your story, not on making your story fit your chapters. Many novelists these days prefer chapters that are between 1,500 wordsβor six book pagesβ and 8,000 words, or 32 book pages.
From CMOS Shop Talk: Short chapters are good for plot-centered novels with fast pacing and suspense. They are also used in novels with longer chapters to interject action that takes place away from the main plot, perhaps to let readers in on something the main character doesn't know.
From Dabblewriter: On average, chapters tend to range from 1,000-5,000 words, with most falling in the 2,000-4,000 range. But chapters can be much longer or much shorter. There are plenty of bestselling books where some chapters are only a page and some where they don't even use chapters in the traditional sense.
From Jehricho Writers: Chapter lengths don't really matter too much. No manuscript has ever been rejected by an agent or neglected by a reader just because a chapter was too short or too long. That said, chapter breaks are one of the key rhythmical features of a novel. Your story's most obvious beats.